Above we have tried to reveal the international relations of the Chinese and the Zionists, their direct contacts. But there is another, no less important side of the problem: the numerous features of typological closeness between Zionists and Maoists. Naturally, these features are based on various factors acting either directly or through various intermediaries, one of which can be considered fascism.
Yes, fascism is a common friend of both the Zionists and the Maoists, although they are very fond of verbally denouncing the fascist ideology and attributing it to others who have nothing to do with it. The connections of Zionism with fascism are already quite fully shown in the books of Yu.S. Ivanova, V.V. Bolshakova, V.Ya. Begun, T. Valikhnovsky, E.S. Evseev (his book is called “Fascism under a Blue Star”), but it does not interfere with a brief summary of some well-known data. For example, the general reader knows little about the contacts between the Zionists and the Italian fascists, about the fact that back in 1923 President of the World Zionist Organization Weizmann met with Mussolini three times. Weizmann later wrote that the Duce "benevolently reacted to the plans of the Zionists in Palestine" and at the same time wanted to use them "as an occupying force in Africa", in particular in Ethiopia.[254]
What Mussolini was only going to do, Hitler did, and on a much larger scale. Despite his ardent anti-Semitism, he got along quite well with the Zionists, who helped drive the Jews to Palestine. Young and wealthy Jews, activists of the Zionist movement. And the old, passive and poor Nazis mercilessly destroyed along with other peoples, as happened, for example, with half a million Hungarian Jews through the mediation of the Zionist Kastner. The interaction of the Nazis with the Zionists of Palestine in the 30s was so active that it even made it possible to name one of the books published in 1975 in Geneva, "Adolf Hitler - Founder of Israel."[255]
Sometimes German Nazis simply learned from more experienced Zionists. Thus, in Mein Kampf, Hitler widely quoted the Protocols of the Elders of Zion, trying to apply their recommendations no longer to the Jews, but to the Germans. He confessed to one of his interlocutors that he borrowed from the Zionists "the methods of organization, political intrigue, the technique of conspiracy and deception."[256] And Peking ideologists, in turn, studied the "works" of Goebbels and Rosenberg translated into Chinese.
The first organization of Zionist stormtroopers "Haganah" arose in Palestine as early as 1920 g., i.e. earlier than the Nazis, but it was connected to active punitive operations against the Palestinian Arabs only in 1933-36 -synchronously with the rise of German fascism. Its successor is naturally considered the Jewish Defense League in the United States, created in 1968. The former head of this league, Kahane, owns the cynical book "Our Challenge", which many critics called the "Mein Kampf" of Zionism,[257] but the same Kahane and his associates liked to repeat the militaristic slogans of Mao Zedong.
Here we will return to the 1930s again and pay attention to the fact that the Chiang Kai-shekists, the predecessors of the Maoists, maintained a wide variety of ties with the German and Japanese fascists - this was emphasized, for example, by the outstanding Chinese writer Lu Xun in the article “On the burning of books in China and Germany". Mao Zedong was then listed as a communist, but already in the early 1930s, according to members of the CPC, he often used dictatorial, fascist methods. During the Sino-Japanese War of 1937-45 he externally advocated a united anti-fascist front, but in fact constantly undermined it, counting on a clash between Japan and the USSR. Much material on this can be found in the books cited above by O. Brown "Chinese Notes", P.P. Vladimirov "Special region of China" and others.
When in 1949 g. the People's Republic of China was formed, the Maoists were shackled in their despotic inclinations by many domestic and international factors, but soon nevertheless began campaigns of purges, which gradually led to the "cultural revolution". Professor A.I. Ovcharenko, who was then in China, said that he caught the eye of a Chinese magazine in German with the words: "Unzer Groser Fuhrer." These words were under the portrait of Mao Zedong! The well-known sinologist A.N. Zhelokhovtsev: “Our German friends, opening the pages of Chinese illustrated magazines in German, literally shuddered from surprise and bad memories: the word “Führer” looked at them, repeated dozens of times on each page, in large and small print, in reports, under illustrations and in the headers. Fuhrer, Fuhrer, Fuhrer… there was something to think about.”[258]
After the death of Mao Zedong, when the period of his reign began to be reassessed, such reflections made their way among the Chinese themselves.Back on July 12, 1977 The People's Daily admitted that the desire of the Maoists, represented by the Gang of Four, to "renew" the CPC meant its transformation into a "fascist party, into a Menshevik, Trotskyist organization." Although very different concepts are mixed here, their conjugation is still not accidental. And one of the most daring dazibao of 1978 called the Maoist regime a "feudal fascist dictatorship". Subsequently, this definition also found its way into the official Chinese press.
Unfortunately, the traditions of the Maoist period are still quite alive and from time affect the politics of the PRC. As far as the fascist intentions of the Zionists are concerned, absolutely nothing has changed here.
Let us now turn to Leon Trotsky, whose role in the Red Army and throughout the state suited the enemies of our country quite well. This role turned into the struggle of the Trotskyists against the Russian peasantry, the extermination of the Cossacks, the destruction of many white and red Russian commanders, etc. After all, rabid militancy, the preaching of terror as one of the main forms of political struggle, self-serving cosmopolitanism under the guise of internationalism are still characteristic of Trotskyists. With Zionism, of which Trotskyism is one of the varieties, and with the Maoism of the Trotskyists, there is also contempt for the "gray masses", for ordinary people, whom Trotsky cynically called "lazy animals." The bearers of all these "isms" make a solid emphasis on the militarization of labor, on coercion and intimidation, "shaking up" and "tightening the screws". It is no coincidence that in the 1930s none other than Hitler became interested in Trotskyist writings. He praised them highly and even declared that he "learned a lot from Trotsky." As if in response to this, the Trotskyists, pretending to fight against fascism, replaced it with a fight against the Soviet Union.[259]
Trotsky's followers, who were not ashamed of their kinship, were also in China. Noteworthy in this regard is Lu Xun's special article "Reply to the Trotskyists" (1936), directed against their attempts to undermine the united anti-imperialist front: "Your "theory" is even too high, and moreover, it is in the clouds. Of course, a high theory should be respected, but it is a pity that it is just welcomed by the Japanese invaders. So your lofty theory inevitably falls from the sky to the earth and, moreover, ends up in the dirtiest place.”[260]
In his next article, "On Our Modern Literary Movement," Lu Xun was just as scathing about "Trotsky's Chinese sons and grandsons."[261] Unfortunately, these descendants turned out to be very prolific, but they did not verbally recognize their father and grandfather as too discredited. Moreover, Mao Zedong in the 1930s was considered an opponent of Trotskyism, although in fact he was very close to him both then and later.
Take, for example, Trotsky's "theory of permanent revolution." It found its widest circulation in China in literal formulations (“We recognize the order of permanent revolution as the most normal order”) and in the “national coloring” statements of Mao, who in 1962 declared that China would have to "carry on the class struggle for ten thousand years."[262] One of the aspects of the adventurist "theory of permanent revolution" is, as is well known, that it associates revolutionary prospects exclusively with war. Trotskyism is characterized by the denial of the possibility of preventing a world war, by attacking the anti-war movement and treating it as pacifist.[263] Again full parallelism.
In the 1960s and 1970s, Trotskyism was being restored in many countries of the world after its long half-forgetfulness - this is another coincidence with the development of a special Chinese course. You can't hide direct ties here, just like with fascism.
The speeches of the Chinese leadership under the flag of ultra-revolutionism gave rise to many hopes among all the schismatics, including the leaders of the Trotskyist Fourth International. As early as September 1960 this "international" sent a letter to the CPC Central Committee declaring that it welcomes the Chinese position. And then joint performances began. For example, in Japan, Trotskyist groups associated with the Maoists were active among the students. In France, the Trotskyists and Maoists also tried to oppose the youth to the working class. In the United States, the joint actions of the Maoists and Trotskyists were especially evident in the peace movement: the Maoists helped the National Coalition of Peace Fighters committee, which was led by the Trotskyists, to frustrate all united protests against the war in Vietnam, any demands for the withdrawal of American troops from this country .[264]
As experts note, “for Maoist theoreticians, of course, there are also quite a few inconveniences in their ideological kinship with Trotskyism. In itself, this fact completely refutes their claims to the originality of Maoist theories. However, it is nothing that the Trotskyists insist on their closeness to the Maoists, although they look down on them somewhat.”[265]In a certain sense, Maoism was a greater danger than Trotskyism, since the latter was completely cut off from the masses, while the former was forcibly imposed on the population of a large state and its "friends" abroad. With their rabid anti-Sovietism, the Peking leaders of the 1960s and 1980s even outdid Trotsky and his followers. But Trotskyism is perceived as a more European phenomenon and, in many respects, it takes root in the West more easily. The French communists emphasized that "it is more profitable for certain circles of the bourgeoisie to support the Trotskyists than the Maoists," because the former allegedly "have no national soil, while the latter are connected with the specific interests of the Peking leadership." The Communists of the FRG added that the Trotskyist ideology is more easily "associated with a specific social-democratic variety of anti-communism", therefore "our party was able to more easily wrest supporters of Maoist groups from the influence of a hostile ideology than supporters of Trotskyist groups."[266]
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