On February 16, 2022, the Ministry of Economy published in the public domain a White Paper on the development of high technologies in the Russian Federation and abroad.
This study was written by the specialists of the Higher School of Economics, experts of the Centers of Competence of the National Technological Initiative, Profile Offices and Employees of Russian Companies, which are leaders in their industries - "Sberling", Rostelecom and Rostech.
The book provides a summary analysis of the development of high technologies in Russia and abroad. Ten areas of technology are considered there: artificial intelligence, the Internet of things, fifth-generation mobile communication networks (5G), quantum computing, quantum communications, distributed register technologies, technologies for power transmission and distributed intelligent energy systems, technologies for creating electricity storage systems, including portable ones, technologies for new materials and substances and advanced space systems.
For each of these technical directions in the "White Book", a section of development trends was made, monitored publishing and patent activity as objective indicators of the potential of Russian technologies in new markets.
In the current version of the book it is written that the countries and China are in advance for most parameters. Russia, according to experts, is among the ten countries on promising space systems, technology technology and substances, as well as electricity transmission technologies and distributed intellectual power systems. Experts also believe that Russia can be attributed to the category of countries with a fairly high potential in the 5G area, but in terms of the development of basic technologies of 5G, our country lags behind the world leaders for three to five years.
HSE experts noted the strong dependence of Russia from importing components, the backlog of the electronic component base, the negative impact of foreign sanctions on the domestic market and production, as well as a large deficit of highly qualified personnel.
The experts in the book explained that there are few start-ups in Russia and almost no “unicorns” (private high-tech companies whose market value exceeds $1 billion) are almost completely absent. In their opinion, in such conditions, many ideas and development of Russian universities and scientific organizations, including funded from the budget, flow abroad and return to the country back in the form of products and services with a huge "markup", although they could earlier be created and launched inside the country.
The Ministry of Economic Development plans to update this book every year to track global trends and the effectiveness of the development and use of different technologies in our country, as well as ways and solutions for their implementation and improvement.
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