Russia (bbabo.net), - "The Russian Environmental Operator" has identified the TOP-20 regions in which both the authorities and the population have learned how to handle municipal waste best of all. It included only one region of the Far Eastern Federal District - the Sakhalin Region (9th place).
When determining the leaders, the fulfillment of the indicators of the national project "Ecology", the coverage of the population with separate collection of waste and, in general, the level of satisfaction of citizens with the progress of the reform were taken into account.
To an absolute order, the waste recycling mechanism has not been established in almost any region of the Far Eastern Federal District. On the one hand, the deadline has not yet come for this: facilities for sorting and recycling waste should be created by 2024. On the other hand, construction projects do not go according to plan everywhere, separate waste collection is poorly organized, and this idea itself has not yet taken possession of the population.
In the leading region, the Sakhalin Region, 2,500 waste accumulations were eliminated in 2020, and about 170 unauthorized dumps were removed in 2021. A comprehensive work is underway in the region to improve waste management. Last year, a waste sorting line was introduced at the landfill in Nogliki. The processing process has been modernized with the separation of additional fractions at the Korsakov landfill. A waste sorting line at the Izvestkovy landfill in Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk has been launched in the commissioning mode. It is planned to build nine more waste sorting lines, six MSW landfills, four waste transfer stations.
But Sakhalin business has not yet realized the benefits of prudent waste management.
- There must be commercial benefit and commercial interest. And until this is created, there will be no need to talk about some kind of complete waste processing, - says Andrey Strelnikov, Minister of Ecology of the Sakhalin Region.
In 2021, more than 240,000 tons of municipal solid waste were collected on Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands. 24,000 tons of MSW were sent for sorting to Korsakov and Nogliki - ten percent of the total garbage in the island region. 2.5 thousand tons were sorted for processing and reuse.
Perhaps that is why at the end of December the deputies of the Sakhalin Regional Duma took up the problems of waste disposal, listened to the proposals of the operators of the waste reform: three years of its implementation showed that not everything works as efficiently as it is written in the program. Now the task is to introduce separate waste collection in all areas except the Kuril Islands in 2022.
In other regions of the Far Eastern Federal District, there are both achievements and problems.
In 2021, Kamchatka purchased 1,200 euro containers for waste removal and launched a system for automated control of solid waste removal from container sites. It covers the territories of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky and the village of Klyuchi. It is expected that in June the system will work in the Elizovsky district and the city of Vilyuchinsk.
Last year, the Trans-Baikal Territory was among the 46 constituent entities of the Russian Federation that received a subsidy from the federal budget for the purchase of containers for separate collection of waste - 41 million rubles. Recently, the region received 2,880 containers for the collection of plastic and waste paper. These days, in Chita, they are preparing to launch a complex for sorting MSW in the area of Sukhaya Pad Street, but the deadlines for its completion have been repeatedly postponed.
Blagoveshchensk will gradually introduce separate collection of waste for their further processing. Three "pilot" container platforms have already been equipped in different parts of the city.
- These are closed-type platforms with euro containers and with the maximum possible dimensions, similar to those installed, for example, in Moscow. Plastic eurocontainers are more aesthetic, they have a large volume, they are more environmentally friendly in operation, because when loaded into a garbage truck, the waste does not scatter. So far, one container for separate accumulation of waste has been installed - for plastic. In the future, containers for paper, glass and other fractions will be added, - said Oksana Shirobokova, chief specialist of the department for the improvement of the city of the housing and communal services department of the Blagoveshchensk administration.
In Primorye, where the garbage reform started so badly that the start had to be postponed for a year, on the first New Year's days, the regional environmental operator was already proud of the fact that "there was no garbage collapse this year." For the previous few years, the yards in Vladivostok were buried in garbage, it was not possible to debug its removal during the holidays. On January 1, 2022, 72 garbage trucks took to the streets, on January 2 - 84, an average of ten units more than on ordinary days.Primorye will become one of the eight pilot territories in Russia, where by 2024 an environmental technology park for waste processing and disposal will be built. The agreement on this was signed by the government of the region and the Russian environmental operator. At the very end of last year, the construction of a solid waste sorting complex with a capacity of up to 30,000 tons per year was completed in the Partizansky urban district. But so far, these examples do not minimize the problems that need to be solved in the course of the waste reform. And their mass, including the non-participation of Primorye residents in the separate collection of garbage, unauthorized dumps still appearing in forests, the constantly rising tariff for garbage collection.
- The tariff for the population will grow exclusively at the level of inflation, and all other costs will be borne by the budget, - explains Elena Parkhomenko, Deputy Prime Minister of the Primorsky Territory.
Features of the implementation of the waste reform in Yakutia in areas with low population density, according to the first deputy minister of housing and communal services and energy of the republic Viktor Romanov, require not only money, but also changes in legislation.
- The difficulty of implementing the reform in the north lies in the low population, lack of year-round transport accessibility, remoteness and capital intensity of creating waste management infrastructure facilities. In this regard, it is proposed to collect and thermally neutralize waste on the ground without burial with preliminary storage of waste at temporary accumulation points. This will reduce the amount of garbage by 95 percent, he said.
And for this, it is necessary to give the subjects of the Russian Federation the authority to independently determine the procedure for collecting, transporting, utilizing, and neutralizing municipal solid waste, taking into account transport accessibility and remoteness from the regional center, where it is reasonable to build waste processing complexes.
Comment
Victoria Abramchenko, Deputy Prime Minister of Russia:- The MSW management reform really started in 2019, and the first part of it has been implemented. Regional waste management schemes have been created, regional operators have been selected, and tariffs for the population have been set. Now we have to implement the second part, with which we are still lagging behind. I mean the construction of waste sorting and disposal facilities. A government act has been developed on new measures to support companies that will invest in the construction of such facilities, and we are also completing the preparation of an act for facilities under construction in hard-to-reach areas. We will move to the ideal circular economy model by 2030. The entire volume of garbage will be sorted, and everything that can be useful in it will be recycled and find a second life in industry, agriculture, housing and communal services and other industries. Burials should be two times less than now. So far, we are at the level of Mexico and Brazil, sending almost 90 percent of waste to landfills.
bbabo.Net