Silicon wafer with chips.
According to the Kommersant publication, representatives of the government, the Ministry of Digital Transformation and the Ministry of Industry and Trade will discuss on February 12 with Russian manufacturers of processors and electronics the risks of introducing technological sanctions against the domestic semiconductor industry.
About 100 Russian manufacturers and consumers of electronics are invited to the meeting, including representatives of Rostelecom, Sberbank, Baikal Electronics, MCST (Elbrus) and Rostec.
The publication explained that, according to the event plan, the parties will discuss possible new measures to support electronics manufacturers, the current level and stages of development in Russia of independent production of chips and microcircuits, as well as the prospects for import substitution in the domestic electronics market, including the production of Russian laptops, desktop computers and servers.
According to the source of the publication, the meeting will discuss the prospects for possible technological sanctions against Russia in terms of limiting the supply of finished electronics, chips ordered earlier in Taiwan and a ban on the purchase of equipment for the factory production of microcircuits in the country, including modern ASML and Applied Materials photolithographic installations.
A government representative clarified to the publication that it is not planned to discuss the risks of sanctions at the meeting, and this topic, if it is on the agenda, will be in a rather positive way. He added that for the most part it will be import substitution and issues related to the development of the Russian electronics industry that will be discussed.
According to the experts of the publication, now no country in the world is capable of creating modern electronic devices or their complex components without international cooperation, for example, processors, which can be analogues of products produced by foreign companies. They believe that a wide range of special equipment, components and materials. This will slow down the current level of development of radio electronic products in the country. Suppliers and manufacturers will have to rethink their supply chains and compensate first for critical constraints, and then for everything else.
Currently, in Russia, Baikal Electronics (Baikal series processors based on the ARM architecture) and JSC MCST (processors based on the Elbrus architecture) are developing their processors and releasing them in large volumes for government agencies and companies. All modern processors of the Baikal and Elbrus series are manufactured at the Taiwanese TSMC factory. Russian manufacturers do not have the equipment and technology for the production of such systems (65 nm is still being introduced). In Taiwan, SPC Elvis is also ordering the production of the Skif system-on-a-chip, which manufacturers plan to implement on Russian mobile devices in 2022.
Now in our country there are no modern factories for the production of GaAs and Ge single crystals, from which wafers are made for the production of microcircuits. These plates are imported from the USA and Europe. At the end of September 2021, the Ministry of Industry and Trade allocated 1.2 billion rubles for development work to develop documentation and manufacture a prototype of an installation for growing single crystals of gallium arsenide and germanium (GaAs and Ge) with a diameter of 100 and 150 mm. The Ministry of Industry and Trade plans to receive a prototype in 2025 and start putting the plant into commercial operation in 2026. According to the department, its own installation for growing two types of single crystals will reduce the industry's dependence on foreign suppliers.
On January 20, 2022, foreign media reported that representatives of the Semiconductor Industry Association are discussing options for export restrictions of microchips to Russia with the US administration. The restriction may affect the supply of chips, computers, consumer electronics, telecommunications equipment, and other equipment manufactured anywhere in the world using American technology. Market experts have estimated that Apple, Samsung, Xiaomi and Realme will lose 760 billion rubles (about $10 billion) a year in the event of sanctions against Russia and a ban on direct deliveries.
In early January, the media reported that Sber had conducted technological exercises to simulate situations with the bank's IT infrastructure being disconnected from the support of Microsoft, Nvidia, VMware, SAP, Oracle, Intel and other foreign vendors. The financial institution did this as part of a test scenario in case of restrictions imposed by foreign partners.
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